In this section we look at the heritage of Ireland - its scholars and scribes, the archaeology of the country and traces of people who have inhabited the island over the years.

The Old English of Munster rose in 1569 in a revolt that lasted four years and they rose again in 1579, this time aided by the Spanish.

The English massacred their garrisons and laid waste to the countryside, and by 1583 the rebellion was crushed and Munster devastated.

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